Mechanism for laying out curves



1935 A. F. KRUMHOLZ MECHANISM FOR LAYING OUT CURVES Filed May 28, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet l dfiornggs. I

Oct. 29, 1935. A. F. KRUMHOLZ MECHANISM FOR LAYING OUT CURVES Filed May 28, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 a r n I I L T 1 111111111 5 15 lll w Hr? .....,-..E... i I. ilLai lll MW ZcIIIL IIFIII I I I I I llbwl l I I ia-dz Eu WM E v V V 4 E 2 5 my i k 2 4 E AH a.

y .Wi WN Oct. 29, 1935. A. F. KRUMHOLZ MECHANISM FOR LAYING OUT CURVES 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 28. 1932 Patented Oct. 29, 1935 UNITED STATES FATENT OFFICE 29 Claims.

My invention relates to marking mechanism of a type for use in connection with laying out sheet metal work for the manufacture of pipes, and it has for its object the provision of a new and 5 improved form and arrangement of parts by which a line for cutting may be marked across the end of a fiat strip of sheet metal of such shape and in such position that when the sheet metal is bent into tubular form the line will de- 10 fine a plane at an angle with respect to the length of the pipe.

It is one of the objects of my invention to provide an improved mechanism of this type by which the angle of the plane as above described 5 with respect to the length of the pipe may be controlled and varied as desired in connection with any desired diameter of pipe. To this end, it is one of the objects of my invention to provide one adjustable means for regulating the 20 scope of the movement of the pencil in the direction corresponding to the circumference of the pipe, and to provide a second adjustable means for regulating the extent of movement of the pencil at right angles so as to control the angle 25 of the plane defining the end of the finished pipe. It is one of the objects of my invention to provide improved adjustable means of the second named type of such form and arrangement that it can be adjusted to have the desired effect by a me- 30 chanical setting of one part by reference to a lineal scale and a mechanical setting of another part by reference to an angular scale without the necessity for any computation in connection therewith.

It is one of my objects to provide an improved arrangement of parts by which the marking pencil is given its movement in the direction corresponding to the circumference of the pipe by a single stroke of an arm travelling between predeter- 40 mined fixed limits of movement whereby the end limits of the curve as marked may be clearly defined. It is one of the objects of my invention to provide an improved arrangement of this type in which means adjustable longitudinally of said arm is utilized for giving the pencil its said movement corresponding tothe circumference of a pipe whereby any desired proportion of the full length of the arm may be made effective for this purpose so as to control the scope of such 50 movement, a scale being preferably provided graduated to read in units of diameter whereby the adjustable part can be set on the arm by reference to the scale for a marking for a pipe of the desired size.

55 It is one of the objects of my invention to provide in a machine of this type improved adjustable guide means for assisting in the arrangement of the pieces of metal to be marked on the table of the machine.

It is one of the objects .of my invention to provide an improved form and arrangement of driving and actuating means by which the movement of the pencil simultaneously in two different directions may be kept in timed relation so as to insure that the line of marking shall define a plane when the strip of metal is bent into tubular form as above set forth.

' It is one of the objects of mylnvention to provide an improved arrangement by which the location of the seam of the finished pipe may be regulated readily with respect to the position of the plane defined by the line of marking.

It is another object of my invention to improve mechanisms of this type in sundry details hereinafter pointed out. The preferred means by which I have accomplished my several objects are illustrated in the drawings and are hereinafter specifically described. That which I believe to be new and desire to cover by Letters Patent is set forth in the claims.

In the drawings,-

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of my improved mechanism, showing a strip of metal in position on the supporting table with a line of marking thereon, and showing in dotted lines two alternative lines of marking;

Figs. 2 and 3 are vertical sectional views taken substantially at lines 2-2 and 33 respectively of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the mechanism for controlling the angle of the plane defined by the line of marking, being shown on an enlarged scale as compared with the showing of Fig. 1;

Figs. 5 and 6 are vertical sectional views taken at lines 5-5 and 6-5 respectively of Fig. 4; 4.0

Fig. 7 is a side face view of one corner portion of the frame.

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view taken at line 88 of Fig. 3 but on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 9 is a face view of an end portion of a strip of metal out along the line laid out by my improved mechanism and ready to be bent into tubular form; and

Fig. 10 is a view of the part shown in Fig. 9 after it is bent into the form of a finished pipe.

Referring now to the several figures of the drawings, in which corresponding parts are indicated by the same reference characters, 15 indicates the top plate of a table supported by frame bars 15 and legs I! as is best shown in Figs. 2 5

and 3. Along 'oppositesides of the'tableil5, i have provided rails 18 in spaced relation to the Qframe barsof the table, the oppositlydisposed table. Y At one side of thetable, I have provided a longirails-being in parallelismwith each other for supporting the wheels l9. of a framework 'comf prisingside bars, 2ll connectedtogether at one end by a frame bar'2l, the'frame bars ZQ'and 2| {being provided with a platform}! formed of sheet metal at one end of the framework. The

arrangement is such that the framework and its .pl'atformj22 'are movable longitudinally of the. table to any desired adjusted position. The bar at-one'side of the machine is provided with a,' bracket 23. (see Fig. 3.) the louter end o'fwhich extends down opposite the rail'l8, having a set screw :24 adjustably mounted thereimso-as to have, releasable engagement. with the V rail for clamping 'the framework and platform in the desired adjusted position longitudinally of the tudinally extending guide bar 25 which is slidable transversely of itself and'transversely of the table,

means being providedfor keepingthe inner edge of the'guide parallel with the rails Is. This 7 Ymeans' comprises a longitudinally extending shaft '26 rotatablyfmounted in arms 21' depending from the guide 25 andf extending through slots 23 in the table top I 5- Asis best shown in Fig. 2, the shaft 26 ;is"pr'ovided at opposite ends with pinions 29 'which'me'sh with rack bars 30.011 the bot- "suchthat' upon rotation'of the shaftthe guide n tornj face of the table topythe arrangement being bar'2 5 an'dl the shaft 26 are moved evenly across "Across the framefcomprising the side bars 20;

I have provided a bar '32 'fixedly mounted in "position at right angles to the inner edge of the guide bar 25; such bar 32 having a sleeve: 33'

ment of the 1 Shaft.

the top face of'thetableso as to be keptat all ftimesfin parallelismwith the rails IS, the en'di frame bars l6- beingjprovided with slots 26a '(see Fig.'3) for permitting suchtransverse move- I 7 Acrank 3i is provided on 'thefprojecting end of theshaft zfi for giving the @shaft the desired rotary movement.

slidably mounted thereon. An operating bar 34 is pivotallylconnected at one end with-the-sleeve 33, said bar 34 being slidably; mounted at its i opposite end portion in a' sleeve 35 which is piv- V 'o'tally'inounted'upon avertical axisso as to swing in a horizontal plane. In the constructionshown,"

V fthe' sleeve'35. is pivotally'connected to a's leeve '36'which is held in fixed position by across bar ,131 extending between the frame bars 20. 1

7 upon theflbar 3,4,"I have'slidably mounted .a J sleeve 33 which has a pivotal connection with a slide block 39 whichlis slidably mounted upon l a tubular bar 40 adjustably mounted in position a I byrneans of a long bolt 4|. The bolt M is slid-" .60

able longitudinally or the table in slots 42 in the side bars 29'. The barAU is normally locked in Fw ork and the table by means of pinions 46"carried by the tubular bar 48 and meshing with rack I bars :barsfl mounted on the inner faces of the framev a I p I il i through the'axis upon-which the lever is mounted.

"The slide block 39 is: provided with a tubular portion 48 arranged at a right angle to the slide: bar 40,{such tubular portion 48 serving asaslide- 7 way fora rod-49 provided withla marking penoil 50 at one end 'and'connected at itsopp'osite. end with suitable means for controllingthe poi sitionof the rod longitudinally thereof. v V

V The means forrcontrolling theposition of the 7 rod longitudinally of the table comprisesa' i rotary member 5|. in the form of a flat ring. havinga downwardly turned flange 52 at its inneredgeyas is best shown in Fig. 5. The flange 52 platform 22, beingheld rotatably in position by means of aseries of rollers53 revolubly mounted upon thelplatform 22 and engaging a groove 51 fin the outer face of the flange 52 In .thecon struction shown three of such rollers 53 are employed'arranged in spaced relation about the opening in the plate 22. At its lower end,'the

flange 52 is provided with asprocket' gear 55 thereof. 7

5 within the ringlil and'flange'52, I. have "m jtatably mountedia'turn table 56. This turn table '56 is held in adjusted position with respect to extends downwardly through an opening in} the ie'ring 5l'bymeans of. sp n 5'! extending through an opening in the turn table into en-m gageinent with any one of a plurality of openings '58 in the ring 5!. Theturn table56 is provided second slidewayffi is provided, with its central with acentrallylocated slideway'ifiitliereacross. with Titscentral longitudinal line diametrically located; a At right angles to the slideway 59, a' I r s slot by which the slideway 60:isprovided is come f the 's'li'deway59 isreenforce d by ribs or arms 6! 7 formed integrally with the, table 58 and theslideways, the whole structure .being preferably in the form of a casting.

Above the 'slideway fifl, I have provided a slide 7 block 62Iwhich'is held non-'rotatably in position by means of a downwardly exten'ding guide por tion as is best shown in Fig.6; Theslideblock" 7 t 'is' held inadjustedposition longitudinally of the slideway' 60 by. meansof-a clamping bolt'54 ex 'tendingupwardlythrough the radial slot 60 and through an" opening in the slide-block 62,"being provided with a thumb nut adjustably mountedthereon by means of screwth'reads for tightening I the block" against the turn table. In thecon-.

struction shown, the head of the bolt 64 is squared for holding the bolt from rotating. 1 Upon aboss 766' formed upon the slide block about the bolt 64, I have mounted'a lever'fil. such lever being held in position'by thethumb nut 65 so asto be free'to swing about the bolt when the nut65 is:

tightened in position.

Upon the slide block 62,1 have provided obf 'liquely disposed arms 68, such arms in the construction-shown being formed integrally with the slide bl'ockSZ. A segment 89 is provided connect- .ingthe'outerends'of the arms68,.such segment" extending over the outer end portion of the lever "67 and being 'graduated'in degrees about the axis of the lever. A handle 16 is provided on the outer end of the lever for swinging 'the lever to the desired angular position,

Asisclearly shown in Figs. sand-.5, the lever 61i1is' provided with alongitudinally extending slideway H, the. center line of which passs Within the slideways 59 and 'HQI have provided a wrist pin 12 the portion of said pin located within the slideway '59 being. squared in cross section so as to be held against rotary movement with respect to the turn table 56. Near its lower end, the wrist pin 12 is provided with an outwardly extending flange 13 which bears against the lower faces of the wall portions of the slideway 59. At its upper end, the wrist pin 12 is provided with screw threads for holding a thumb nut 14 adjustably in position, the arrangement being such that when the nut 14 is tightened against the top face of the lever 61 such lever is held against swinging movement and the pin 12 is held rigidly in position with respect to the turn table 56.

As is clearly shown in Fig. 4, the graduations upon the segment 69 are arranged to increase in value from a central point marked 0 toward both ends, the central 0 point being located in the extension of the central longitudinal line of the slot or slideway 63. At one side of the turn table, a further graduation is provided at 15, in the construction shown being graduated to read in inches, the arrangement being such that the index mark 16 on the arm 68 indicates by reference to the scale the diameter of the circle which will be described by the bolt 64 upon a rotation of the turn table.

Below the turn table 56, I have provided a slide bar H located at right angles to the guide bar 25 and movable longitudinally of the table and of theguide bar. As is clearly shown in Fig. 3, the endportions of the slide bar 1'! are slidably mounted between strips 18 and I9 mounted in spaced relation to each other on the inner faces of the side bars 20. At each end, the slide bar 11 is provided with a roller as rotatably mounted thereon in position to engage the inner face of the strip 18. The slide bar 1'! is held against swinging movement with respect to the platform 22 by means of a tubular shaft 8| which is revolubly mounted upon the slide bar H by means of brackets 82, as is best shown in Fig. 8. At its ends, the shaft 8! is provided with pinions 33 which mesh with rack bars 84 mounted on the inner faces of the'strips 19.

As is best shown in Fig. 5, the slide bar TI is provided on its upper face with longitudinally extending strips 85 and 83 spaced relation to each other for providing a slideway longitudinally -of the slide bar for engagement with a roller 8! 'revolubly mounted on the lower end of the wrist pin '72. When the wrist pin 72 is adjusted to some point away from the axis of the turn table 53 as hereinafter described, upon a rotary movement of the turn table the wrist pin will be moved back and forth longitudinally of the table l5, serving through the roller 81 and the strips '85 and 86 to give the slide bar 11 a simple harmonic movement longitudinally of the table with the wrist pin. On the lower face of the slide bar '17 I have provided longitudinally extending strips 88 and 89 in spaced relation to each other so as to provide a slideway longitudinally of the slide bar parallel with the slideway provided by the strips 85 and 36. A roller 99 is mounted in the slide way provided by the strips 88 and '89, being held in position thereon by means of longitudinally extending plates 9!. A pin or bolt 32 having an enlarged head portion at its upper end is revolubly mounted in the roller 9% so as to be supported thereby, the lower end of the pin 92 below the slideway having a pressed fit within an opening .in a bracket 93 which in turn has a pressed fit connection with the end of the rod 49. The arrangement is such that when the wrist pin i2 is moved back and forth longitudinally of the table as above described through the rotation of the turn table, the rod 48 and the pencil 58 are given a simple harmonic movement longitudinally of the table l5, such rod 49 being at the same time movable transversely of the table by reason of the sliding connection of the bracket 93 with the slide bar 1'! through the medium of the roller 35, pin 92, and strips 88 and 89.

For giving the desired rotation to the turn table 56 and thus producing the desired movement of the rod as longitudinally of the table l5, and for at the same time giving the rod 49 a movement transversely of the table in timed relation, with such transverse movement of the rod 49 kept at all times proportional to the rotary movement of the turn table, I have provided an endless sprocket chain 94 extending about the sprocket gear 55 (see Fig. 5) and about sprocket pinions 95 and 95 shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1, the pinions 95 and 95 being so located as to maintain the ply of the endless chain between such pinions parallel with the transverse bar 32 upon which the sleeve 33 is slidable. One of the links of the sprocket chain 94 is connected in any suitable.

manner with the sleeve 33 so as to cause the sleeve 33 to move transversely of the table therewith.

The chain 3 5 is driven by means of a crank 91 connected by means of a short shaft 98 with the pinion 95, the crank :11 being provided with an operating handle 89 at its end. In the position of the parts as shown in Fig. 1, the crank 91 is at the limit of its movement in clockwise direction by reason of the engagement of the sleeve 33 with the side bar 20. With the parts in the position as shown in Fig. 1, when the crank 91 is rotated in counterclockwise direction the sleeve 33 will be given a movement transversely of the table and the bar 34 will be swung in clockwise direction in said Fig. 1, serving to move the slide block 39 and the rod 49 transversely of the table with the sleeve 33, and serving to give the turn table 56 a rotary movement in counterclockwise direction in said Fig. 1. The arrangement is such that when the sleeve 33 reaches the limit of its movement upon such counterclockwise rotation of the crank 91 in said Fig. 1, the turn table 56 will be in the same position as that shown in said Fig. 1, having been given a single complete revolution during the movement of the sleeve 33 across the table.

When it is desired to employ my improved mechanism for marking a strip of metal, the thumb nut 43 is loosened and the bar 40 and the bolt 4| are moved toward the left in Fig. 1 to the desired adjusted position for securing the desired length of stroke of the slide block 39 and the rod 49 transversely of the table. As the bar 40 is adjusted toward the left in said Fig. 1, the slide block 39 is moved inwardly and toward the left for shortening the length of the stroke of the slide block for each full stroke of the bar 34 and sleeve 33. Inthe construction shown, a graduated scale I is provided on one of the side bars 20 of the framework just above the slot 42 graduated with respect to the length of stroke of the slide block 39 and reading in inches of diameter. That is to say, the arrangement is such that when the bar 43 stands opposite the numeral 8 of the scale Hill, for example, under such cir-.

cumstances upon a full stroke of the bar 34 with the sleeve 33 the slide block 39 will be given a movementtransversely of the table equalto the 'circumference ofa circle'of a diameter of 8 inches. 1 By a proper: adjustment of the' bar 40, the

.transverse-movement of the slide block 39 and j the rod 49 and pencil 50 canbe'made to equal the circumference of any'desired size of circle correx sponding to the diameter sizes indicated'in inches by the scale l00,isuch scale IUOin-the arrangepable of use for marking strips, for

merit shown running fro1n 3tol2 so as to be capipes 3 to 12 inches in diameter. r

With the bar 40 set in position to suit the desired dimension of pipe, and with a strip of sheet metal llil in position. on the table of such width as to be suitable for forming a. pipe of, acorresponding diameter, the thumb'nut 65 bywhich n the slide block 62is secured in position'is loosened *i so" as to permit the slide block 62, and. the lever 61, to be moved toward the left in Figs. 1, 2 and 4 so-as to bring the index"? 6 opposite the numeral -of. the scale'l5" corresponding to thediameter setting on the scale liiil.

then tightened for holding the block 62 in its adofithepipe. p V V 7 V In Fig. 10 which represents a finished cylindric'al pipesection, the lines AB and AE define the! angle by. which the end of the pipe departs afrom the transverse,such line AE being equal I to the diameter of the pipe.

" iusted' position.-

The thumb nut. M is then loosened' and the lever 61 is swung to the'desired' 1 j angular position along the segment 69'correspondingto the desired angular formationof the end of the finished pipe. As the lever 61' swings u about the segment 59, the wrist pin 12 is moved 7 along the slideway59 to the desired position in said. slideway'59 so as to provide the proper ec-f "centricityof the wrist pin with respect to the axis of theturn'tablefor giving the rod liland the pencil .50 thedesired mcvementback and forth at right angles'tothe transverse movement of the 'pencil corresponding to the circumference With the point C @chosen to insect theilirieAE, the line on win, of

appreciated that the line BE represents the excourse,-represent the radius of thejpipe. and with the line on drawn parallel with TAB the angle DCE'will beequal to the angle .BAE. It Willbe tent of movement of theipencil 59 longitudinally the wrist pin 12, with the mechanism. setfor table for marking -a line of cutting for the forma- V iti'on of a pipe of a given diameterhaving its end.

disposed at a given angle from thedirectly transverse positionis representedby the'altitude of a right triangle having its base of a length corresponding to the radius of such pipe and its hypote nusedisposed at the given angle'from the base.

It is thus clear that'when the axis of the lever :61 is located at a radial distance' of 6 inches from" .the axis of the turn table 55, correspondingto a diameter reading of 12 on the scale I5 for effecting a marking in connection with the formation of a"12 inch pipe, and when the lever 61 is set atan angle of 30 from the line joining the 7 axis f the lever with the axisof the turn table, j the wrist'pin l2;wil1;be automatically brought'to aposition at the required distance from the axis axis-oi the turn table for giving thepen'cil' 58 the required movement longitudinally of the table for finished The thumb nut 65is V out any clifiiculty whatever. c I Y I Wheneverit is desired'tochange the position 7 oi the seam of thepipe; this canbeefiected by p an adjustment of the turntable 56 with respect to thering5l by the use ofthe pin 51. That is 1 to'say', upon a withdrawal of a'pin 5.1 from; en- 50 the formation or the de 12mm pipe hailing 'the desired 30 end formation."

By my improvedarrangement I am enabled to "give thewrist pin'lz the'required'positionjof a'd-Y 7 justment to suit .a given diameter of pipeand a 5 given angular formation ofv the end of the pipe' by manual adjustments, comprising firsta suit-' able setting of the lever 62by reference to the lineal'scale to correspond to the diameter Of the pipe to be formedand then a :sui table angu-lo; lar setting of the lever by reference to the seg '-men t169 to correspond to the desired angular formationof'the end of 'thepipe to 'be iformed. Withthe rod ,40 set, at'the desired adjustment 1 by reference to thescale I00, with the slide block 15 -52 also set at a corresponding position with reI- erence to the scale 15, and with the lever ii!v set ,in the desiredjangularposition, the guide bar is to be moved transverselyof the table to, bring Y its inner edge into contact'with the point of theczo.

pencil 50. The strip of sheet metal |0l is then adjusted by hand .intogengagement with the guide '25, and the frame carrying the turn table h I :56 is adjusted longitudinally of the tablefand locked by the clamp 24, whereupon the mecha- 25 1 nism is in condition 'for operation. With the parts inposition as shown in Fig. l, the'crank '91 would be turned to the limit ofits motion'in' V counter-clockwise direction in said figure for.

producing a marking on said strip 'llil. When 8-30" freshi strip was substituted'inplace of the strip;

itil, the crank 91 would 01' coursebe rotated to thelimit or its movementin the reverse direction. When it; is desired to lay out al ine of.

cutting for a pipeof a different diameter or 0135' s a different angular formation at its end, the

' machine can be very readily and quickly adjusted to suit Suchchanged requirements, all '0! r the adjustments being attained without the neces sity for any. computation, being" effected merely by a setting of the three adjustablelparts'as 7 above described to, the desired scalepositionsk The arrangement is such that any intelligent workman can use the machine successtully with- 1 l gagement with one of the openingsr58 the turn' 1 table 56 can be given a rotary movementlwith respectto the gear andthe pin 51 reg-inserted inianother of said openings 58; 'Upona rota.-

7 tion of the turntable 56 in this way through an 5.5 angle of 90 degrees in one direction Irom'the position as shown in Fig. 1, coupled with a suitable adjustment of the crank means; longitudinally.

of the table 15, a line of marking such as that.

indicated bythe 'nunieralillZ will be produced. 60 ,Upon an adjustment of the turn table 58% an angle of 90 degrees'in the I opposite direction,

coupledwith an adjustment of the crank means again'longitudinally of the table l5, a. line ot' marking such as thatpindicated. by the numeral .f

I03 would be produced. marking: I03 is seen to correspond to that along which the strip oi. metal I04 is cut as shown in Fig. 9, so as to'bring v 1 the seam'of the pipe toward the right as shown 7j0 inFig.10. Q a

. As is clearly shown'in Figs. 3 and'4,.the ring 5i is graduated thereabout, in the. construction shown having a series of 'marks l05 in equally c spaced relation adapted by reference to an in; dex mark [06 at one side to indicate critical posi 76 V tions at which the turn table 56 and the ring 5| have been given a complete rotation or some aliquot part thereof. For ease of comparing the position of the index mark I 06 with the marks I05, such index mark isplaced on a block I01 rising to substantially the same level as that of the top face of the ring. By the use of the inter-related marks I35 and I06, the operator is enabled to stop the movement of the pencil 50 at any desired critical point in the rotation of the turn table and to place a mark at the corresponding critical point along the line being traced by the pencil, as for example, the middle point [08 of the line Hi9 as shown in solid lines in Fig. 1, such mark being applied by means of a punch or otherwise. Such mark I08 at a criti cal point on the pipe formed from the sheet of metal IOI can then be used as a reference point with respect to an inter-related critical point on another pipe to be joined thereto so as to insure that the workman in making the joint between the two pieces of pipe by a welding process shall be enabled readily to, position the pieces of pipe in the designed relation to each other.

As will be appreciated from a study of my improved mechanism, the line of marking I09 shown in solid lines in Fig. 1 is a typical sine curve, the axis of the abscissas represented by the line I in extending transversely of the table at right angles to the guide 25 and corresponding to the circumference of the pipe to be formed. At any point along the line I09 the ordinate from that point to the axis H is equal to the sine of the angle defined by the transverse line passing through the axis of the turn table 56 and the line joining said axis with the center of the wrist pin in the position of said wrist pin corresponding to the point of the curve in question. The ordinates rise in value from 0 to 1, decrease to 0, decrease further to minus 1, and again increase to 0, during the successive four quarter rotations of the turn table.

While I prefer to employ the form of mechanism as shown in my drawings and as above described, it is to be understood that my invention is not limited to this precise form and arrangement except so far as the claims may be so limited by the prior art, it being understood that changes in the form and arrangement might well be made without departing from my invention.

I claim:

1.- In a mechanism of the type described, the combination of a frame, a pencil, means comprising a crank rotatably mounted on a fixed axis on said frame for giving said pencil a simple harmonic movement between predetermined limits with respect to said frame, and other means mounted on said frame and operatively connected with said crank for giving said pencil a movement at right angles to said first named movement at a-rate of movement directly proportional to the rate of rotary movement of the crank.

2. In a mechanism of the type described, the combination of a frame, a member mounted on said frame so as to have free reciprocatory movement on said frame along a fixed straight path and held against swinging movement with respect to the frame, a second member mounted on said first named member so as to have free reciprocatory movement with respect to said first named member along a fixed straight path at right angles to the movement of said first named member and held against swinging movement with re-= spect to said first named member, a pencil carried by said second member independently of said first named member, means for giving one of said members a stroke in one direction and a return stroke in the opposite direction, and means for giving the other member a cross stroke in one 5. direction in. timed relation to the two strokes of said first named member.

3. In a mechanism of the type described, the combination of a frame, a member mounted on said frame so, as to have free reciprocatory move- 10 ment on said frame along a fixed straightpath and held against swinging movement with respect to the frame, a second member mounted on said first named member so as to have free reciprocatory movement with respect to said first named member along a fixed straight path at right angles to the movement of said first named member and held against swinging movement with respect to said first named member, a pencil carried by said second member, crank means for giving one of said members a stroke in one, direction and a return stroke in the opposite direction comprising a simple harmonic movement, and means adapted during the period of said first mentioned two strokes to give the other member25. a stroke in one direction at a rate of movement directly proportional to the rate of rotary movement of the crank means.

4. In a mechanism of the type described, the combination of a frame, a pencil, positively acting means comprising a rotary member adapted upon rotation to give said pencil a simple harmonic movement with respect to said frame in one direction, positively acting means for giving said pencil a movement at right angles with respect to said first named movement, and positively acting connections between said two, pencil moving means serving to cause said second mentioned moving means to move at a rate strictly proportional to the rate of rotary movement of said rotary member.

5. In a mechanism of the type described, the combination of a frame, a bar extending across said frame, a member slidably mounted on said bar, an elongated member slidably mounted'on 15 said first named member so as to move longitudinally of itself in a cross direction as compared with the movement of the first named member,

a pencil mounted on said elongated member, means for giving one of said members a stroke in one direction and a return stroke in the opposite direction, and means for giving the other member a cross stroke in one direction in timed relation to the movement of said first named member. 6. In a mechanism of the type described, the

combination of a frame, crank means rotatably mounted on said frame, a member mounted on said frame so as to have a reciprocatory movement thereon and held against swinging move- 0 ment with respect to the frame, means providing a sliding connection between said crank means and said member for effecting a reciprocatory movement of the member upon a rotary movement of said crank means,'a second member slid- 5 ably mounted on said frame so as to have a free movement in the direction of the reciprocatory movement of said first named member and also a free movement at right angles thereto and held against swinging movement with respect to the 7 frame, a pencil connected with said second member so as to move therewith, means providing a sliding connection between said first named mem ber and said second member so as to give said second member and said pencil a reciprocatory 7 am s relation to 'each other serving tokejep the rotary movement corresponding to the reciprocator y movement of said first named member while leav- 1 ingthe pencil free with respect to the movement V at right angles, and other means for giving said I 5' second member ands'aid pencil a movement at,

' right angles to saidreciprocatory movement and 3 effective in direct proportion tothe rotary movement of said crank. J

' g'zi in ,a mechanism Lofthe typed escribed the 10$ combination of a frame,-crank m'eansrotatably 1 V mounted i on-said frame, a Y member mounted; on

'7 said frame so as 'to have a reciprocatory move v "ment thereon'and held against swinging *movementwith respect to the frame,-means providing an operating groove along said memberin en,-

" gagiement 'with said crank means for movement' jof the member-by said; crank; other means pro viding a second operating groove along said member parallel with'said' first named groove, a rod 20 mounted on 'said frame and having sliding engagement' with said second operating groove,

-means, so as to be movable transversely of itself 7 {along said groove and movable longitudinally of itself withsaid first'named member, means for 25 holding said rod against swinging movement with respect to said frame, a pencil connected with said rod so as to move therewith, and means for lgiving said rod and pencil a movement transversely of the rod intimed relation to the recipe 3o rocatory movement of-the rod by said crank means arranged so that said transverse ,movement of the rod isproportional to" the rotary movementof the crank means.

, 8; Inla mechanism of the typedescribed, the 315- combination of avframe, crank means rotatably mounted on said frame, a member mounted on said frame so asto have a reciprocatory movementlthereon and held against swinging move- 'ment withres pect to the frame, mea'ns providing 40 a sliding connection between said crank means and said member" foreffecting a reciprocato-ry movement of the member upon a rotary movej ment of said crank means, a second member slid- -ably mounted on said frame so as to have a free 7 J movement in the direction of the reciprocatory movement of said first named member and also a free movement at right anglesrthereto and held against swinging movement with respect to the fr'ame,=a pencil connected with said second mem- 50 berso tomove therewith, means providinga' V sliding'connection between said first named member and said secondmemberso as'to-give said H secondmember and said pencil a reciprocatory movement corresponding to the reciprocatory" 55imovement ofsaid'first named member while,leav-,

ing the pencil free with respect to the movement atv rightiangles, and positively acting endless belt meansextendingacrosssaid frame and connected gwiith said'second member so as'to give it a cross :60 movement at right angles to said reciprocatory movement and also connected with said crank means forgiving the crank means a rotary move-j pencil. V

'9. Inamechanisnr of J the type described, 1 the combination of a frame, a pencil, a guide, means T for supporting said guide longitudinally of said for supporting said guide longitudinally of said frame atone side'the'reof, means mounted 'onsaid frame for giving said pencila movement-parallel r with said guide,other'means for giving said pen oil a movement at right angles to said guide, one 7 o-fsaid .pehcil'moving meanscomprising ineffect a crank 'for producing asimple harmonic move ment of the pencil, means for actuating said two 1 ,pencil moving means in timed relation to. each 3 other serving to keepthe'rotary movement of the crankmeans proportional to the movement of the pencil by the other pencil "moving means a d p,

means for moving said guide transverselyjof it--:

self serving to hold the guide against 31 movement with respect to the frame.

' '11. Ina mechanism of the type describedgthe' V combination of a table, a frame mounted on' said table'and movable longitudinally thereof, a guide 7 on; said table underneath said frame in parallel position with respect to the direction pf movement of the frame,'means for moving said guide transverselyof itself serving to hold the guide against swinging movement with respect to the frame, a

' pencil means' mounted on said frame for g'ivingi30 'said'pencil a movement parallel Wlth'Sald guide, 1

other means forgiving said pencil a movement transversely of the guide at right anglesfthereto, V i

one of said pencil moving means comprisingin effect a crank for producing a simple harmonic 35 movement of the pencil, and means foractuating' j said two pencil moving means in timed relation? to each others'erving to keep the rotary movement r of the crank means proportional to the movement v of the pencil bythe other pencil moving means. 40

1 12.. In a mechanism of the type described, the combination of a frame, a bar adjustablymountj ed" on said frame, a member slid-ably mounted oni said bar, a secondbar adapted to swing about a vertical axis on said frame and adapted upon a (5 swinging movement to cause said member ,to

move'along'said first named bar, means for adjusting said first named bar toward and from said vertical axis for'changing the length-of the stroke of said member asproduced by a full stroke movement of' said second bar, a, pencil,

operative connections between said pencil and said member for causing the pencil tomove back' and to'rth with said'member, and other means for giving'saidpencil a movement at right'angles r with respect to said first named movement in timed relation thereto, I 1' Y l3. Infla mechanism of the type descrlbed,the

' combination of a frame, a bar adjustably mount-I eel-on said frame, a member slidably mounted on saidtbar, a. second bar adapted to swingabout a 7 I 7 vertical axis on fsaid'frame and adapted uponga' ment proportional to said cross movement of the move along said first named bar,--m eansxfor ad justing said firstnamed bar toward and fromsaid vertical axis for changing the length of the stroke 7 r v of said member asproduced by a full stroke movee swinging movement to pause said member irto,

ment ofsaid'secondbar, a pencil, operative con-Q1 nections between said pencil and'said member 7 for. causing'the pencil to move back andjorth I' V with said-member, and crank means for giving said-pencil a movement at'right angleswithrea' spectto'saidfirst named movement'arranged so 14. In a mechanism, of the type described, the

combination of a frame, a bar adjustably mounted on said frame, a member slidably mounted on said bar, a second bar adapted to swing about a vertical axis on said frame and adapted upon a swinging movement to cause said member to of said member as produced by a full stroke movement of said second bar, a rod slidably mounted on said member and held against swing- I ing movement with respect thereto, a pencil carried by said rod so as to be moved back and forth with said member, and crank means for giving said rod a movement longitudinally of itself with respect to said member and arranged so that the movement of said member along said first named bar is proportional to the rotary movement of said crank means.

15. In a mechanism of the type described, the combination of a frame, a bar adjustably mounted on said frame, a member slidably mounted on said bar, a second bar adapted to swing about a vertical ax s on said frame and adapted upon a swinging movement to cause said member to move along said first named bar, means for adjusting said first named bar toward and from said vertical axis for changing the length of the stroke of said member as produced by a full stroke 'movement of said second bar, means for holding said first named bar against swinging movement with respect to said frame as it is adjusted toward and from said vertical axis, a pencil, operative connections between said pencil and said member for causing the pencil to move back and forth with said member, and crank means for giving said pencil a movement at right angles with respect to said first named movement arranged so that said first named movement is kept proportional to the rotary movement of said crank means.

16. In a mechanism of the type described, the combination of a frame, a bar mounted in fixed position on said frame, a second bar mounted on said frame in parallel position with respect to said first named bar, a member slidably mounted on said second bar, a third bar adapted to swing about a vertical axis on said frame and pivotally and slidably connected with said member for moving the member along said second bar upon a swinging movement of said third bar, a second member slidably mounted on said first named bar and having a pivotal connection with said third bar, means for adjusting said second bar toward and from said vertical axis for changing the length of the stroke of said first named member produced by a full stroke movement of said third bar, a penciLoperative connections between said pencil and said first named member for causing the pencil to move back and forth with said first named member, and other means for giving said pencil a movement at right angles with respect to said first named movement in timed relation thereto.

1'7. In a mechanism of the type described, the combination of a frame, a bar mounted in fixed position on said frame, a second bar mounted on said frame in parallel position with respect to said first named bar, a member slidably mounted on said second bar, a third bar adapted to swing about a vertical axis on said frame and pivotally and slidably connected with said memher for moving the member along said second bar upon a. swinging movement of said third bar, a second member slidably mounted on said first named bar and having a pivotal connection with said third bar, means for adjusting said second bar toward and from said vertical axis for changing the length of the stroke of said 5 first named member produced by a full stroke movement of said third bar, a pencil, operative connections between said pencil and said first named member for causingthe pencil to move back and forth with said first named member, crank means for giving said pencil a movement at right angles with respect to said first named movement, and means operatively connecting said second member and said crank means serving to revolve the crank means and to move said second member for swinging said third bar in direct proportion to the rotary movement of the crank means.

18. In a mechanism of the type described, the combination of a frame, a pencil, means comprising a crank rotatably mounted on a fixed axis on said frame for giving said pencil a simple harmonic movement with respect to said frame, a sprocket gear rotatable with said crank, a sprocket chain operating on said sprocket gear for rotating the crank, means for driving said chain alternatively in opposite directions, and means connected with said chain and actuated thereby for giving said pencil a movement at right angles to said first named movement at a rate directly proportional to the rate of rotary movement of the crank.

19. In a mechanism of the type described, the combination of a frame, a bar mounted in fixed position on said frame, a second bar mounted on said frame in parallel position with respect to said first named bar, a member slidably mounted on said second bar, a third bar adapted to swing about a vertical axis on said frame and pivotally and slidably connected with said mem- 40 ber for moving the member along said second bar upon a swinging movement of said third bar,

a second member slidably mounted on said first named bar and having a pivotal connection with said third bar, means for adjusting said second bar toward and from said vertical axis for changing the length of the stroke of said first named member produced by a full stroke movement of said third bar, a pencil, operative connections between said pencil and said first named member for causing the pencil to move back and forth with said first named member, crank means for giving said pencil a movement at right angles with respect to said first named movement, a sprocket gear rotatable with said crank means, an endless chain operating on said sprocket gear and connected with said second slide member for swinging said third bar, and means for driving said chain alternatively in opposite directions.

20. In a, mechanism of the type described, the combination of a. frame, a pencil, means comprising a crank mounted on said frame for giving said pencil a stroke in one direction, other means mounted on said frame for giving said pencil a movement at right angles to said first named movement; means for adjusting the length of said second named pencil movement corresponding to the circumference of the pipe to be formed means for adjusting the effective length of the crank for producing the desired angular formation for the diameter of pipe being formed, and means for actuating said two pencil moving means so as to keep the second named movementv ference, a member rotatably Imounted on said frame, a'wrist p-in mounted on said rotary memoithe pencil proportional to the rotary move- 'y ment of the crank means.

, 21, me mechanism forlaying out lines of cutting 'ior forming angular fpipe joints, the combination of a frame for'supporting the piece to be cut, a-pencil, means mounted on said frame for givingsaid pencil and said piece to be cut a relativemovement in the direction 'correspondingcto thecircumference o-f the finished' pipe and corresponding in extent to said circumber'and movable across said member. diametri 'cally thereof, a lever pivotally mountedlo-n said rotary member on an axis adjustable toward and from the axis of the: member so that said lever is'adapted to extend across the path of movement ofathe wrist pm at any desired point along said .ipath, means for giving said I wrist pin a sliding'iconnection with said lever whereby the position of the wristipin is controlled bythe point at'which said. lever crosses said path,imeans 'for holding said lever in aselected adjustment on saidrotary member and means actuated by I the movement of said wrist pin upon the rota! tation of said rotary member for giving said pencil amovement with respect to said piece to V be cut in the direction corresponding to the length of the pipe. 7

.22. In a, mechanism for laying out lines of cutting for formingangular pipe joints, the com 'bination' of a frame for supporting the piece to be. out, .a pencil, means mounted on said frame for giving said pencil and said pieceto' be cut a relativemovementin the direction corresponding to thecircumference of the finished pipe and; correspondingjin extent to said circumference, a 'm'ember 'rotatably 'mounted on said frame, 'a

wrist pin mounted on said rotary member and movable across said member diametrically thereof; a lever pivotallyjmounted. on" said rotary 'i-member on an axis adjustable toward and from V fthe axis ofthe' rotary member along a path at,

right angles to the path of movement of said wrist pin'and arrangedso that in its various adjusted positions it extends at an angle to said path, means for giving said wrist pin a sliding j connection with said leverwhereby a swinging movement of the lever serves to adjust the wrist pin along said diametrical path, means'for holding saidlever in a selected adjustment on said] 7 rotatable member, and means actuatedby the l 2 movement of said Wrist pin upon the rotation of isaid rotary member for giving saidpencil a movement with respect to said piece to-be cut inthe 7 direction corresponding to the "length of ,the

pipe. Y

23. In amechanism for laying outlines of cut- 'ting for forming angular pipe joints, the combination of a frame for supporting the piece to tneaxis ofthe rotary member along a path at 2 right anglesrto the path of movement "of said.

ilwris'tflpin and arranged so that'inits various adjusted positions it extends at an angle to said i path, means f'or, giving said wrist pin a sliding from the axis of: the lever'tothe cliametrical actuated by the movement of said wrist pin uponway'ilongitudinally"thereof within which said "through theaxis of said lever, means for clamping 7 said lever; in a selected angular adjustment with connection with said' 'lever arrangediso that "as the wrist pin' is adjusted longitudinally ofthe 1 lever the axis of the pin remains constantly in :a line passing through the axis of the lever and e whereby a'swinging movement ofthe lever serves 5 'to'adjust the wrist pin along said diametrical path means forholding said lever in ap-redetermined adjustment on said rotary member, graduated scale means for showing the, angular adjustment i from the perpendicular line leading I10 path of said wrist" pin, and means actuated 'by the movement of said wrist 'pin upon the' ro- I tation of said rotary'member for givingsald pencil amovementwith respect'to said pieceto be cut'in the direction of the pipe; j

corresponding tov the length v:

24. In a mec anism for aying outlines ef cut ting, for fo f i gfangularlpipe joints, theic ombi nation of a frame for supporting the piece to be cut, a;pencil, means mounted-on said. frame 7' for giving said pencil and :saidpieceto be out a relative movement in the direction correspond ing to the circumference of" the finished pipe and 7 corresponding in extent to said circumferencaa 2 5 member; rotatably mount'ed on said frame a'nd having a slideway thereacross in'diametrical position, a wrist pin slidably mounted on said slide- 7 way, a lever pivotally mountedfon' said rotary member on an axisadjustable toward and from so; the axis of the rotary member along a path at right angles to, said slideway, said lever'having a 'slideway'longitudinally thereof aISohaV- ing sliding engagement With said Wrist pin and V arranged so'that as the wrist ,pin is adjusted along said lever the center of the wrist pin t rav- P els on a line'passing through the axis 01 the,

' lever,:m eans' for holding said lever in a'selected adjustment on said rotary'member, and means V 40 rotation of said rotary member for giving said pencil amovement with respect to 'said'piece to' be cut in the direction corresponding tothe lengthof the pipe 25. In a mechanism for'laying out lines of cutting for forming angularpipe joints, the combinationof V a frame for supporting the pieceto 'be cut, a'pencil, means mounted on said frame for giving'said pencil and said piece to be out a relative movement in the direction corresponding to the circumference of the finished'pipe" and corresponding in extentrto said circumfe'rsence, a memberrotatably mounted on said frame and' having a' slidewaythereacross in diametrical position and a second slideway arranged radially at fright angles to said'first named s1ideway,a

wrist pin slidably mounted in said first namedf slideway; a'slide block ;slidably mounted in'said' I second named slideway, a'lever pivotally' mounted 'on said slide block and arranged to be swungacross said first named slideway at an angle";

he means for c a ping said slidable block releasably in adjustedposition along said second" slideway, said lever being provided with a slidewristpin is slidably'mounted and arrangedso that as the wrist pin is adjusted along said leverthec nters; the rist pin travels on; a linepassing' respect-to saidrotarymember, and means'actuat ed by the movement'of said wrist pin upon'rota tionofsaid rotary member for giving said pencil a movement with respect tosaid piece to' beicutin. 7

the direction corresponding to the length of the pipe.

26. In a mechanism for laying out lines of cutting for forming angular pipe joints, the combination of a frame for supporting the piece to be out, a pencil, means mounted on said frame for giving said pencil and said piece to be out a relative movement in the direction corresponding to the circumference of the finished pipe and corresponding in extent to said circumference, a member rotatably mounted on said frame and having a slideway thereacross in diametrical position and a second slideway arranged radially at right angles to said first named slideway, a wrist pin slidably mounted in said first named slideway, a slide block slidably mounted in said second named slideway, a lever pivotally mounted on said slide block and arranged to be swung across said first named slideway at an angle thereto, means for clamping said slidable block releasably in adjusted position along said second slideway, said lever being provided with a slideway longitudinally thereof within which said wrist pin is slidably mounted and arranged so that as the wrist pin is adjusted along said lever the center of the wrist pin travels on a line passing through the axis of said lever, means for clamping said lever in a selected angular adjustment with respect to said rotary member graduated scale means for showing the distance by which the axis of said lever is separated from the axis of said rotary member in the various adjustments of the lever on the rotary member, other graduated scale means for showing the angular adjustment of said lever with respect to said first named slideway, and means actuated by the movement of said wrist pin upon rotation of said rotary member for giving said pencil a movement with respect to said piece to be cut in the direction corresponding to the length of the pipe.

27. In a mechanism of the type described, the combination of a frame, a pencil, means comprising a crank mounted on said frame for giving said pencil a simple harmonic movement between predetermined limits, other means mounted on said frame and operatively connected with said crank for giving said pencil a movement at right angles to said first named movement and 5 adjustable crank, means actuated by said crank 15 for giving said pencil a stroke and a return stroke between predetermined limits, other means mounted on said frame for giving said pencil a movement at right angles to said first named movement, means for actuating said two 20 pencil moving means so as to keep the secondnamed pencil movement proportional to the rotary movement of the crank, an index mark on said frame adjacent to said ring, and a series of marks in equally spaced relation about said 25 ring adapted by reference to said index mark to indicate successive critical positions of said crank corresponding to predetermined aliquot parts of a complete rotation ofthe crank.

29. In a mechanism of the type described, the 30 combination of a frame, a pencil, means comprising a crank mounted on said frame for giving said pencil a simple harmonic movement be tween predetermined limits, other means mounted on said frame and operatively connected with 35 said crank for giving said pencil a movement at right angles to said first named movement and proportional to the rotary movement of the crank, and meansfor adjusting the angular position of the crank with respect to the means for causing said second named pencil movement for regulating the position of the seam in the finished pipev ALFRED F. KRUMHOLZ. 

